ML_SION1

ML_SION1 = [real]
Default: ML_SION1 = 0.5

Description: This tag specifies the width $\sigma_\text{atom}$ of the Gaussian functions used for broadening the atomic distributions of the radial descriptor $\rho^{(2)}_i(r)$ within the machine learning force field method.

The radial descriptor is constructed from

${\displaystyle \rho_{i}^{(2)}\left(r\right) = \frac{1}{4\pi} \int \rho_{i}\left(r\hat{\mathbf{r}}\right) d\hat{\mathbf{r}}, \quad \text{where} \quad \rho_{i}\left(\mathbf{r}\right) = \sum\limits_{j=1}^{N_{\mathrm{a}}} f_{\mathrm{cut}}\left(r_{ij}\right) g\left(\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{r}_{ij}\right) }$

and $g\left(\mathbf{r}\right)$ is the following approximation of the delta function:

${\displaystyle g\left(\mathbf{r}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\sigma_{\mathrm{atom}}\pi}}\mathrm{exp}\left(-\frac{|\mathbf{r}|^{2}}{2\sigma_{\mathrm{atom}}^{2}}\right). }$

The tag ML_SION1 sets the width $\sigma_\text{atom}$ of the above Gaussian function (see this section for more details).

Tip: Our test calculations indicate that ML_SION1 = ML_SION2 results in an optimal training performance. Furthermore, a value of 0.5 was found to be a good default value for both. However, the best choice is somewhat system-dependent. For instance, a smaller value for ML_SION1 can increase the number of local reference configurations, and hence ultimately the quality of the MLFF. See also here.

The unit of ML_SION1 is $\AA$ .

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