SCALEE: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 06:40, 3 April 2020

SCALEE = [real]
Default: SCALEE = 1

Description: This tag specifies the coupling parameter of the energies and forces between a fully interacting system and a reference system.

A detailed description of calculations using thermodynamic integration within VASP is given in the supplemental information of reference ^[1] (caution: the tag ISPECIAL=0 used in that reference is not valid anymore, instead the tag PHON_NSTRUCT=-1 is used).

Using thermodynamic integration the free energy difference between two systems is written as

$\Delta F = \int\limits_{0}^{1} d\lambda \langle U_{1}(\lambda) - U_{0}(\lambda) \rangle_{\lambda}$ .

Here $U_{1}(\lambda)$ and $U_{0}(\lambda)$ describe the potential energies of a fully-interacting and a non-interacting reference system, respectively. The coupling strength of the systems is controlled via the coupling parameter $\lambda$ . The notation $\langle \ldots \rangle_{\lambda}$ denotes an ensemble average of a system driven by the following classical Hamiltonian

$H_{\lambda}= \lambda H_{1} + (1-\lambda) H_{0}$ .

The tag SCALEE sets the coupling parameter $\lambda$ and hence controls the Hamiltonian of the calculation. By default SCALEE=1 and the scaling of the energies and forces via the coupling constant is internally skipped in the code. To enable the scaling SCALEE $\ne$ 1 has to be specified. A VASP calculation outputs the integrand for a given coupling constant at every molecular dynamics step. How to choose the ensemble size and carry out the integration is described in the main text and especially in the supplementary information of reference ^[1].

Two possible options are available for the reference system:

Ideal gas:

Usually the thermodynamic integration is carried out from the ideal gas to the liquid state.

Harmonic solid:

If the file DYNMATFULL exists in the calculation directory and SCALEE $\ne$ 1, the second order Hessian matrix is added to the force and thermodynamic integration from a harmonic model to a fully interacting system is carried out. The DYNMATFULL file stores the eigenmodes and eigenvalues from diagonalizing the dynamic matrix. This file is written by a previous calculation using the INCAR tags IBRION=6 and PHON_NSTRUCT=-1.

Related Tags and Sections

VCAIMAGES, IMAGES, NCORE IN IMAGE1, PHON_NSTRUCT, IBRION

↑ ^a ^b F. Dorner, Z. Sukurma, C. Dellago, and G. Kresse, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 195701 (2018).

[dorner:PRL:2018-1] F. Dorner, Z. Sukurma, C. Dellago, and G. Kresse, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 195701 (2018).

[1]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ----
-A detailed description of calculations using thermodynamic integration within VASP is given in reference {{cite|dorner:PRL:2018}} ('''caution''': the tag ''ISPECIAL''=0 used in that reference is not valid anymore, instead the tag {{TAG|PHON_NSTRUCT}}=-1 is used).
+A detailed description of calculations using thermodynamic integration within VASP is given in the supplemental information of reference {{cite|dorner:PRL:2018}} ('''caution''': the tag ''ISPECIAL''=0 used in that reference is not valid anymore, instead the tag {{TAG|PHON_NSTRUCT}}=-1 is used).
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 <math> \Delta F = \int\limits_{0}^{1} d\lambda \langle U_{1}(\lambda) - U_{0}(\lambda) \rangle_{\lambda} </math>.
-Here <math>U_{1}(\lambda)</math> and <math>U_{0}(\lambda)</math> describe the potential energies of a fully-interacting and a non-interacting reference system, respectively. The coupling strength of the systems is controlled via the coupling parameter <math>\lambda</math>. The tag {{TAG|SCALEE}} sets the value for the coupling constant. The notation <math>\langle \ldots \rangle_{\lambda}</math> denotes an ensemble average of a system driven by the following classical Hamiltonian
+Here <math>U_{1}(\lambda)</math> and <math>U_{0}(\lambda)</math> describe the potential energies of a fully-interacting and a non-interacting reference system, respectively. The coupling strength of the systems is controlled via the coupling parameter <math>\lambda</math>. The notation <math>\langle \ldots \rangle_{\lambda}</math> denotes an ensemble average of a system driven by the following classical Hamiltonian
 <math> H_{\lambda}= \lambda H_{1} + (1-\lambda) H_{0} </math>.
-By default {{TAG|SCALEE}}=1 and the scaling of the energies and forces via the coupling constant is internally skipped in the code. To enable the scaling {{TAG|SCALEE}}<math>\ne</math>1 has to be specified.
+The tag {{TAG|SCALEE}} sets the coupling parameter <math>\lambda</math> and hence controls the Hamiltonian of the calculation.
+By default {{TAG|SCALEE}}=1 and the scaling of the energies and forces via the coupling constant is internally skipped in the code. To enable the scaling {{TAG|SCALEE}}<math>\ne</math>1 has to be specified. A VASP calculation outputs the integrand for a given coupling constant at every molecular dynamics step. How to choose the ensemble size and carry out the integration is described in the main text and especially in the supplementary information of reference {{cite|dorner:PRL:2018}}.
 Two possible options are available for the reference system: